His iron-fisted Communist rule lasted 49 years, outlasting the Berlin Wall and the Soviet Union, but today, 81-year-old Cuban leader Fidel Castro announced his resignation.

Now the inevitable questions will arise--what does it mean for Cuba?

For the moment, it's uncertain that much, if anything, will change. When Castro became ill in 2006, he transferred much of his power to his 76-year-old brother, Raul, the country's defense minister. Castro himself has said he still plans to be a powerful voice in Cuban politics.

With news that Castro's brother is expected to officially be named president in the coming days, several Cuban groups said they expect little change to occur in the country.

The Spanish-Cuban Foundation, a Madrid-based organization that assists Cuban exiles, has adopted a wait-and-see attitude. "All scenarios are open. Anything can happen. But as of today, nothing substantial has changed in Cuba," spokesperson Orlando Fondevila told The Associated Press.

CNN.com reports that many Cuban Americans were shocked that the Castro regime lasted as long as it did. "We came here with a roundtrip ticket … because we thought the revolution was going to last days," Rep. lleana Ros-Lehtinen, the first Cuban American elected to Congress, told CNN.com. Ros-Lehtinen fled Cuba as a child for Florida. "And the days turned into weeks, and the weeks to months, and the months to years."

For stories of immigrants achieving success in the United States, including Rene Rodriguez of Babbalu.com who left Cuba as a child, read the September issue of DiversityInc magazine.

Ros-Lehtinen has been one of the Castro's regime's most ardent critics, going as far as appearing in the documentary "638 Ways to Kill Castro," advocating for his assassination.

President Bush commented that Castro's resignation could lead to the start of a democratic transition occurring in the country. "The international community should work with the Cuban people to begin to build institutions that are necessary for democracy and eventually this transition ought to lead to free and fair elections," CNN.com reports Bush as saying upon hearing the news.

Sen. Mel Martinez of Florida added, "Today is not the ultimate day of change; it's the beginning of a process hopefully that will lead to change, to real change," reports CNN.com. "The initial change has to come from the Cuban government."

The United States and Cuba have had no official diplomatic relationship since the start of the Castro regime. Sens. Hillary Clinton, Barack Obama and John McCain have not commented publicly about Castro's resignation as of yet. But last August, Obama wrote an op-ed to the Miami Herald that was critical of the Bush administration policy to further tighten restrictions on relatives of Cubans who visit the island or send money back home.

"Unfortunately, the Bush administration has made grand gestures to that end while strategically blundering when it comes to actually advancing the cause of freedom and democracy in Cuba," Obama said.

 More Global Diversity >>